Armenia is the second most militarised country in the world. The situation with neighbouring Azerbaijan is one of the factors behind this high militarisation. In 2020, a new war broke out over the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh, a historical territory populated mainly by Armenians. The war ended with Armenia’s defeat against the Azeris, to whom it surrendered a large part of the territory. After this conflict, on 12 May, a new conflict began along the border with Azerbaijan, which continues nowadays.